Understanding the Connection Between Psoriatic Arthritis and TMJ Pain

Introduction

Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is a type of inflammatory arthritis that often affects people with psoriasis, a condition characterized by red, scaly skin patches. While PsA is commonly known for affecting the joints in the hands, feet, and spine, it can also impact the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), which connects your jaw to your skull. TMJ pain can be particularly challenging, as it affects daily activities like talking and eating. In this blog post, we'll explore the correlation between PsA and TMJ pain in simple terms.

What is Psoriatic Arthritis?

Psoriatic arthritis is an autoimmune disease where the immune system mistakenly attacks the body's own tissues, leading to inflammation in the joints. This inflammation can cause pain, swelling, and stiffness. PsA can affect any joint in the body, and its severity can range from mild to severe.

What is the Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ)?

The TMJ is the hinge joint that connects your lower jaw (mandible) to the temporal bone of your skull, located just in front of your ears. This joint allows you to move your jaw up and down and side to side, making it possible to talk, chew, and yawn. When this joint becomes inflamed or damaged, it can cause TMJ pain or temporomandibular joint disorder (TMD).

How are Psoriatic Arthritis and TMJ Pain Connected?

While PsA primarily targets the peripheral joints (hands, feet, knees), it can also affect other parts of the body, including the TMJ. Here’s how they are connected:

1. Inflammation: Psoriatic arthritis causes inflammation in the joints, and the TMJ is not exempt from this. Inflammation in the TMJ can lead to pain, stiffness, and difficulty moving the jaw.

2. Erosion of Joint Tissues: Over time, chronic inflammation can erode the tissues and bones within the TMJ, leading to further pain and dysfunction.

3. Stress on TMJ: The pain and discomfort caused by PsA can lead to altered jaw movements or clenching, which can put additional stress on the TMJ, exacerbating pain.

Symptoms of TMJ Pain in Psoriatic Arthritis

People with PsA who develop TMJ pain might experience the following symptoms:

• Pain or tenderness in the jaw

• Difficulty opening or closing the mouth

• Clicking, popping, or grating sounds when moving the jaw

• Jaw locking

• Headaches or earaches

Managing TMJ Pain in Psoriatic Arthritis

Managing TMJ pain when you have PsA involves a combination of medical treatments and self-care strategies:

1. Medications: Anti-inflammatory drugs, both over-the-counter and prescription, can help reduce inflammation and pain. Disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) and biologics specifically used for PsA may also help control overall inflammation, including in the TMJ.

2. Physical Therapy: Gentle jaw exercises and stretches can improve jaw mobility and reduce pain. A physical therapist can guide you through the right exercises.

3. Dental Appliances: Splints can help reduce clenching and grinding, alleviate muscle spams and decrease pressure on the TMJ.

4. Lifestyle Changes: Stress management techniques, a balanced diet, and regular exercise can improve overall health and reduce PsA symptoms, including TMJ pain.

5. Surgery: In severe cases, surgical interventions might be necessary to repair or replace the TMJ.

Conclusion

Psoriatic arthritis can affect more than just your peripheral joints—it can also impact the TMJ, leading to pain and discomfort. Understanding the connection between PsA and TMJ pain is crucial for effective management. With the right combination of treatments and lifestyle adjustments, it's possible to alleviate TMJ pain and improve your quality of life.

If you suspect you have TMJ pain related to PsA, consult with Dr. Gulizio to develop a personalized treatment plan. Early intervention can help manage symptoms and prevent further joint damage.